Fig. 5From: Period doubling cascades of limit cycles in cardiac action potential models as precursors to chaotic early AfterdepolarizationsPeriod Doubling Route to Chaotic EADs of Model UP. Evolution of voltage trajectories of model UP as the channel conductance G K is increased along the period doubling cascade PD1, PD2, PD3,... A) Single period with G K =0.039155 mS/ cm2 and \(\protect \phantom {\dot {i}\!}G_{K} < G_{K_{1}}\). B) Double period with G K =0.039175 mS/ cm2 and \(\protect \phantom {\dot {i}\!}G_{K_{1}} < G_{K} < G_{K_{2}}\). C) Fourfold period with G K =0.039188 and \(\protect \phantom {\dot {i}\!}G_{K_{2}} < G_{K} < G_{K_{3}}\). D) Eightfold period with G K =0.039189 mS/ cm2 and \(G_{K_{3}} < G_{K} < G_{K_{4}}\). E) Chaotic motion of failed repolarization with G K =0.039205 mS/ cm2. F) Chaotic EADs behaviour with G K =0.039218 mS/ cm2 Back to article page