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Table 3 Differential serum metabolites between HUPM and LUPM patients

From: Systematic variations associated with renal disease uncovered by parallel metabolomics of urine and serum

No.

Compound

VIP a

p-Value b

FDR c

FC d

Biochemistry pathway

1

m-Cresol

1.93

1.45E-02

2.61E-02

-1.66

Gut microflora metabolism

2

2-Keto-3-methylvaleric acid

2.31

4.47E-03

1.34E-02

-0.58

Fatty acid metabolism

3

L-Asparagine #

2.34

1.40E-03

6.30E-03

0.40

Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism

4

L-Serine #

2.46

1.04E-03

9.36E-03

0.79

Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism

5

L-Threonine #

1.90

1.47E-02

2.21E-02

0.56

Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism

6

Pyroglutamic acid #

1.63

3.60E-02

4.05E-02

0.27

Glutathione metabolism

7

Citric acid #

1.96

1.35E-02

3.04E-02

0.85

TCA cycle

8

Glucose #

1.53

4.80E-02

4.80E-02

0.44

Glycolysis, Pentose phosphate pathway, Galactose metabolism

9

Cholesterol #

1.82

2.07E-02

2.66E-02

0.41

Steroid biosynthesis

  1. a Variable importance in the projection (VIP) was obtained from PLS-DA model with value higher than 1.0;
  2. b The p-value was calculated from Student's t test;
  3. c FDR adjusted p value from two-tailed Student's t test;
  4. d Fold change was calculated as binary logarithm of average mass response (normalized peak area) ratio between HUPM and LUPM patients, where the positive value means that the average mass response of the metabolite in the HUPM group is larger than that in the LUPM group;
  5. # The metabolite was structurally confirmed by available reference compound.